Encyclopedia
African Marigold
A South American native first introduced into Europe through northern Africa and grown at Monticello
Agriculture & Gardening
Articles about Jefferson's interests in agriculture, horticulture, and botany; including the "In Bloom" database of plants grown in Monticello's restored flower and vegetable gardens.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph of an Albemarle Pippin apple tree.]()
EncyclopediaAlbemarle Pippin Apple
A favorite table apple of Thomas Jefferson, the Albemarle Pippin ripens in late fall with an olive green skin and the flesh is greenish-white, juicy, crisp with a fine aroma. Stores well.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaAlpine Strawberry
This European wildflower makes a compact, mounded plant with few, if any, runners, and produces fruit throughout the growing season. It has white flowers and small crimson berries that are very flavorful when fully ripe.
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![Mary Vaux Walcott, 1923/Smithsonian Art Museum/PD]()
EncyclopediaAmerican Cranberry Bush
A hardy, deciduous, spring-flowering North American shrub with decorative flowers and edible fruit.
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EncyclopediaAngelique Fig
A half hardy, deciduous shrub that produces large, sweet fruits with cream-colored flesh and greenish-white, darkly striped skin.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaAnne Arundel Muskmelon
Originally developed in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, this muskmelon has a nutmeg shape and a flavor simialr to honeydew melon.
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![A partially broken glass bottle with grape vine designs and the word Madeira etched into it that was excavated at Monticello]()
Anthony Giannini
Italian immigrant Anthony Giannini worked in Monticello's gardens and assisted in Jefferson's efforts to produce wine.
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![A several bright-red apples with greenish bottoms growing on a tree.]()
EncyclopediaApples at Monticello
Jefferson grew four apple varieties at Monticello — prized for cider or dessert — including the Taliaferro, his favorite, which he called the best cider apple in existence. It has since disappeared from cultivation.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaAsparagus Bean
Also known as Asiatic Pole Bean and Yard Long Bean, Aspargus Bean is South American native described by Linnaeus in 1763.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaAutumn Crocus
Autumn Crocus is actually a member of the lily family producing colorful purple flowers in late summer and early fall.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph of a bachelor's button flower.]()
EncyclopediaBachelor Button
A handsome, sun-loving annual flower, the Bachelor Button has been popular in America since colonial times
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBalsam
Native to the Indian subcontinent, this is the traditional impatiens popular in old-fashioned gardens throughout Europe and North America. Also known as Touch-Me-Not, Balsam blooms in shades of pink, white, red, and salmon throughout the summer and fall until the first frost
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBalsam Apple
The Balsam Apple is a tropical vine grown as a garden annual with bright yellow flowers followed by curious, oblong, yellow-orange warty fruits that burst open when ripe, and has attractive, glossy green foliage
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBalsam Pear
The Balsam Pear is a tropical vine grown as a garden annual.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBasil
Sweet Basil, native to Europe, is used fresh or dried as an aromatic culinary seasoning. It was common in America by the late 1700's, and Thomas Jefferson requested a supply of this pot-herb from his neighbor George Divers in 1820.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBeautyberry
This plant is a deciduous, North American shrub with small, lavender-pink blossoms in spring and clusters of showy, bright violet purple berries in the fall which persist throughout the winter.
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![AI generated image from a Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBee Balm
A North American native, Bee Balm flowers are attractive to pollinators and may be used as a garnish or spice.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph]()
EncyclopediaBee Larkspur
Bee larkspur is a native of Western Europe, Russia, and East Asia and one of the chief parents of our modern Delphinium cultivars
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![USGS/PD]()
EncyclopediaBees and Honey
Find out about Thomas Jefferson's interest in bees, beekeeping, and honey at Monticello.
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![Title page of Bernard McMahon's The American Gardener's Calendar (1806): image courtesy University of Virginia Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library.]()
Bernard McMahon
Philadelphia nurseryman Bernard McMahon was Thomas Jefferson's gardening mentor.
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![Homer D. House, New York State Botanist. Walter B. Starr of the Matthews-Northrup Company, Buffalo, and Harold H. Snyder of the Zeese-Wilkinson Company, New York, photographers, 1918/PD]()
EncyclopediaBird-Foot Violet
A hardy, spring-flowering North American perennial with brightly colored, five-petaled flowers; the upper 2 petals are deep violet and the lower 3 pale lavender.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBlack Cohosh
This woodland long-lived perennial herb is native to North America and has been grown for ornamental and medicinal use in American gardens since the 1600s.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph.]()
EncyclopediaBlack Gum Tree
A long-lived tree native to the Southeast United States, notable for its spectacular fall color. Pollinators are attracted to its tiny greenish-white flowers in spring, and birds feast on its deep purple drupes in fall.
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![AI generated image from an original Monticello photograph]()
EncyclopediaBlack Haw
A North American shrub/small tree native from the Midwest and deep South to the Atlantic coast.
