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Painting depicting Jefferson and the Committee of Five presenting the Declaration to the Continental Congress

The Ongoing Quest for Equality

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"This was the object of the Declaration of Independence... it was intended to be an expression of the American mind..."
Thomas Jefferson, 1825
The first page of Jefferson's handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence with edits and cross-outs.

The Ongoing Quest for Equality: The Idea

The debate over equal rights and who gets to participate in the Jeffersonian ideal of self-government remains unsettled ever since Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence.

Jefferson's vision has inspired oppressed people around the globe to expand human freedom and establish civil societies based on the consent of the governed.

Each generation of Americans since 1776 has interpreted “all Men are created equal” in an increasingly inclusive way and fought to make Jefferson’s words a reality for all.

The history of Monticello’s enslaved community and their descendants reveal their vital role in the fight for equality.

Words that Changed the World

“We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness – That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among men, deriving their just Powers from the consent of the Governed…”

Making the Idea a Reality

The Revolutionary War achieved American independence from Great Britain. Then came the unchartered task of securing the rights that Americans fought for, and creating the state and national governments that would begin the ongoing experiment with self-government.

A collage of historical figures, political cartoons, and photos, including Dred Scott, Roger Tawney, suffragette, a Black Lives Matter poster, a Pride flag, and more.

The endeavor to extend the promise of equality in the Declaration of Independence spans our nation's history.

The Legacy

While Jefferson may not have lived up to his ideals, he maintained the belief that future generations, in America and around the world, would continue to advance the cause of human freedom. In Jefferson's words: “all eyes are opened, or opening, to the rights of man.” 

The lives and achievements of descendants of Monticello's enslaved community exemplify a quest for equality regardless of race or gender, full citizenship, and manifesting Jefferson's ideals.

William Monroe Trotter, descendant of the Fossett and Hemings families once enslaved at Monticello, was a newspaper man and equal rights activist who co-founded the Niagara Movement. His niece, Virginia Craft Rose was interviewed by the Getting Word Oral History Project and recollects how her uncle's endeavors inspired her family to their own activism.

"Whatever you feel strongly about, fight for it”

MOVING TOWARD EQUAILITY

Moving Forward

A group of few citizens being naturalized at Monticello hold up their right hands as they take the Oath of Citizenship.

"I still have a dream, a dream deeply rooted in the American dream – one day this nation will rise up and live up to its creed, "We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men are created equal." I have a dream ..." -Martin Luther King Jr. (1963)

THE ONGOING QUEST FOR EQUALITY - VIDEOS

  • Calvin Jefferson, descendant of the Granger and Hemings families, discusses privilege.

    Generational privilege

  • Monticello historian John Ragosta discusses the complexities of "all men are created equal."

    Inspired by Jefferson's words

  • Veteran Thomas Jefferson interpreter, Bill Barker, appears out of character to discuss the many legacies of the Declaration, how its interpretation has evolved over time, and its continued importance today.

    "an expression of the American mind."

THE ONGOING QUEST FOR EQUALITY - PODCASTS

  • Americans today celebrate July 4th as the birthday of the country, but how about in 1776? Monticello Guide Kyle Chattleton reflects on how slowly news of independence spread in 1776

    Spread the news

  • Monticello guide Justin Bates discusses Jefferson's hopes for an "Empire of Liberty" across the North American continent, and the Louisiana Purchase's lasting legacies for the United States and its indigenous nations.

    An empire for all?

THE ONGOING QUEST FOR EQUALITY - BIOGRAPHIES

  • Trotter’s passionate commitment to equality inspired his famous son, William Monroe Trotter.

    Getting Word: James Monroe Trotter

  • "Disfranchisement because of sex...handicaps progress." Cook, a descendant of the Hemings family, became a pioneering American suffragette.

    Getting Word: Coralee Franklin Cook

  • Descended from Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson, Roberts was the first Black member of the California State Assembly, a school administrator, and journalist.

    Getting Word: Frederick Madison Roberts

Logo of the Peter G. Peterson Foundation which features a stylish top of torch similar to the one carried by the Statue of Liberty.

A Civic Engagement Initiative sponsored by and in collaboration with The New York Community Trust – The Peter G. Peterson Fund

Learn more about this project »

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