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Image of a great hall at Ellis Island with more than a dozen rows of people and the U.S. flag hanging above from a narrow mezzanine that spans at least three walls.

The Question of Immigration

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I was for extending the rights of suffrage (or in other words the rights of a citizen) to all who had a permanent intention of living in the country…. whoever intends to live in a country must wish that country well, and has a natural right of assisting in the preservation of it…
Thomas Jefferson, 1776
Several mean and woman raise their right hands as they take the Oath of Citizenship at Monticello.

The Idea

“Shall oppressed humanity find no asylum on this globe?" 
Thomas Jefferson, 1801


Jefferson believed immigrants were a source of strength in contributing to the success of the American experiment in self-government and that America had an obligation as a place of refuge for those seeking to escape tyranny.

As a nation of immigrants, who we welcome to join the American experiment in self-government is an ongoing challenge.

Making the Idea a Reality

Spotlight: Forced Migration

The Legacy

"Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
- Emma Lazarus

No matter their country of origin, civic engagement is a hallmark of the immigrant experience. The path toward full citizenship often includes struggles to make sure their voices, contributions to their adopted home, and commitment to American ideals are recognized. 

Collage of historical figures, buildings, documents, maps, including Dred Scott, immigrants, the Statue of Liberty, the U.S. Supreme Court, and more.

Naturalization: The Oath of Citizenship

"I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God."

Can You Pass the Citizenship Test?

New Citizens at Monticello

For over 60 years, Monticello has celebrated the 4th of July with a naturalization ceremony. 

Newly naturalized citizens share their stories and their reactions to becoming Americans at Monticello's annual naturalization ceremony.

Moving Toward the Future

 

Immigration policy should be generous; it should be fair; it should be flexible. With such a policy we can turn to the world, and to our own past, with clean hands and a clear conscience.
John F. Kennedy, 1958
A toddler in a white shirt sits on an adult's shoulders and holds up a small American flag while a crowd of people sit at a July 4 naturalization ceremony at Monticello.
Logo of the Peter G. Peterson Foundation which features a stylish top of torch similar to the one carried by the Statue of Liberty.

A Civic Engagement Initiative sponsored by and in collaboration with The New York Community Trust – The Peter G. Peterson Fund

Learn more about this project »

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The Art of Citizenship

Right and Responsibility to Vote